{"id":1045,"date":"2024-01-06T22:43:56","date_gmt":"2024-01-07T03:43:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oopus.info\/blog\/?p=1045"},"modified":"2024-01-07T00:21:58","modified_gmt":"2024-01-07T05:21:58","slug":"%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e5%8f%a4%e4%bb%a3%e5%ae%98%e5%83%9a%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e5%88%b6%e5%ba%a6%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%e7%a8%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.oopus.info\/blog\/2024\/01\/06\/%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e5%8f%a4%e4%bb%a3%e5%ae%98%e5%83%9a%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e5%88%b6%e5%ba%a6%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%e7%a8%bf\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5434\u5b97\u56fd\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u5b98\u50da\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u7eea\u8bba\u7b14\u8bb0\u7a3f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Basic definition of \u5b98\u50da\u653f\u6cbb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Origin: Max Weber \u5b98\u50da\u653f\u6cbb \u5b98\u50da\u5236 Bureaucracy\uff1a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u7ae0\uff0c\u804c\u4e1a\u5206\u5de5\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u5206\u5c42\uff0c\u4e13\u804c\u5316\uff0c\u4eba\u4e8b\u8003\u6838\u4efb\u514d\uff0c\u85aa\u4ff8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Elements: \u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u4e0e\u5b98\u50da\u673a\u6784\uff08\u672c\u4e66\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\uff09\uff0c\u5b98\u50da\u673a\u6784\u8fd0\u884c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b98\u50da\uff08\u672c\u4e66\u90e8\u5206\u8ba8\u8bba\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dynastic changes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6218\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d77\u6e90\uff1a\u90e1\u53bf\uff0c\u5ba2\u537f\u3002\u6446\u8131\u8d35\u65cf\u653f\u6cbb &#8211; \u5b98\u50da\u5236\u5ea6\u662f\u8d35\u65cf\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u9762<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u79e6\uff1a\u519b\u529f\u7235\u3002\u7687\u5e1d &#8211; \u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u884c\u653f\uff0c\u519b\u6743\uff0c\u8d22\u6743\uff0c\u53f8\u6cd5\u6743\u3002\u6587\u4e66\u4e0e\u6cd5\u89c4\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u95ee\u9898 &#8211; \u4e2d\u592e\u65e0\u529b\u5bf9\u5168\u56fd\u5b9e\u884c\u76f4\u63a5\u6709\u6548\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u79e6\u4ee5\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u90e8\u5206\u5f15\u5165\u5206\u5c01\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6c49\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e2d\u671d\u5b98\uff08\u4f8d\u4e2d\u3001\u5e38\u4f8d\u3001\u7ed9\u4e8b\u4e2d\uff09\u4e0e\u5c1a\u4e66\u627f\u62c5\u7687\u5e1d\u79d8\u4e66\u534f\u52a9\u5904\u7406\u4e8b\u52a1 &#8211; \u4e2d\u592e\u884c\u653f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5f00\u59cb\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u5c1a\u4e66\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u96c6\u8bae\u3001\u8c0f\u8be4\u3001\u52be\u594f\u3002\u5c1a\u4e66\u7684\u5206\u5de5\uff1a\u540f\u66f9\uff08\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u658b\u7940\uff09\uff0c\u6c11\u66f9\uff08\u7f2e\u6cbb\uff0c\u529f\u4f5c\uff0c\u76d0\u94c1\uff09\uff0c\u4e8c\u5343\u77f3\u66f9\uff08\u8f9e\u8bbc\uff09\uff0c\u5ba2\u66f9\uff08\u5916\u56fd\u56db\u5937\uff09\uff0c\u4e09\u516c\u66f9\uff08\u5c81\u5c3d\u8bfe\u5dde\u90e1\u4e8b\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8bbe\u7acb\u95e8\u4e0b\u3001\u4e2d\u4e66\u4e8e\u7981\u4e2d\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u7687\u5e1d\u5904\u7406\u5c1a\u4e66\u594f\u8bf7\u3002\u6210\u4e3a\u534f\u52a9\u51b3\u7b56\u673a\u6784\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6237\u7c4d\u3001\u4e61\u91cc\u3001\u9632\u6b62\u571f\u5730\u517c\u5e76\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e2d\u592e\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5c42\uff1a\u523a\u53f2\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u592e\u5bf9\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u76d1\u5bdf\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6c49\u664b\uff1a\u653f\u52a1 &#8211; \u95e8\u9600\u3002\u4e8b\u52a1 &#8211; \u5bd2\u95e8\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5317\u671d\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u519b\u529f\u540f\u6cbb\u53d6\u5411\u3002\u5b98\u50da\u8003\u9009\u3001\u8003\u8bfe\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5747\u7530\u5236\uff0c\u4e09\u957f\u5236\u6062\u590d\u56fd\u5bb6\u63a7\u5236\u519c\u6c11\u548c\u7f16\u6237\u9f50\u6c11\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u968b\uff08\u4e09\u7701\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5916\u671d\u804c\u80fd\u786e\u7acb\uff09\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5c06\u4f8d\u5fa1\u3001\u7687\u5bb6\u4e8b\u52a1\u673a\u6784\u5f52\u5165\u6bbf\u4e2d\u7701\u4e0e\u5bfa\u76d1\uff0c\u5c06\u7981\u4e2d\u79d8\u4e66\u54a8\u8be2\u673a\u6784\u79fb\u51fa\u7981\u4e2d\u3002\u5916\u671d\u5f7b\u5e95\u4e0e\u7687\u5bb6\u4e8b\u52a1\u5206\u79bb\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5357\u5317\u671d\u65f6\u5c1a\u4e66\u7701\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0a\u3001\u4e0b\u7701\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e0a\u7701\u8f6c\u5165\u95e8\u4e0b\u3001\u4e2d\u4e66\u3001\u653f\u4e8b\u5802\u3002\u5c1a\u4e66\u4e0b\u7701\u7684\u884c\u653f\u6743\u4f7f\u4e4b\u540e\u5c1a\u4e66\u7701\u6210\u4e3a\u804c\u80fd\u5316\u673a\u6784\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u80e5\u540f\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9009\u4e3e\uff1a\u4ece\u519b\u529f\u5230\u624d\u5b66\u7684\u79d1\u4e3e\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5510\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u7acb\u540e\u4e16\u5b98\u50da\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u67b6\u6784\uff1a\u77e5\u653f\u4e8b\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u7fa4\u4f53\uff08\u5bb0\u76f8\uff09\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u6309\u804c\u80fd\u5206\u5de5\uff08\u4f7f\u804c\u3001\u4e34\u65f6\u5dee\u9063\u987a\u5e94\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u5927\u91cf\u65b0\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u5927\u91cf\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u4e9b\u300c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6c38\u5236\u300d\uff09\uff0c\u653f\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5316\uff0c\u56db\u7b49\u5b98\u5236\u786e\u7acb\uff08\u957f\u5b98\u3001\u901a\u5224\u3001\u5224\u5b98\u3001\u4e3b\u5178\uff09\uff0c\u540f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u3001<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e09\u7701\u804c\u80fd\u9010\u6b65\u5411\u653f\u4e8b\u5802\u96c6\u4e2d &#8211; \u5bb0\u76f8\u96c6\u6743\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u77e5\u653f\u4e8b\u5b98\u5728\u653f\u4e8b\u5802\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\uff0c\u7687\u5e1d\u6210\u4e3a\u6279\u51c6\u9881\u884c\u7684\u6700\u540e\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5fa1\u53f2\u53f0\u76d1\u5bdf\u8303\u56f4\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u793c\u4eea\uff0c\u5c1a\u4e66\u5404\u90e8\uff0c\u53f8\u519c\u5bfa\uff0c\u592a\u5e9c\u5bfa\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e24\u7a0e\u6cd5\u6309\u571f\u5730\u3001\u6237\u7b49\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u4e01\uff09\u5f81\u7a0e\u9632\u6b62\u571f\u5730\u517c\u5e76\u3002\u540e\u671f\u4ecd\u7136\u6309\u7167\u8d22\u4ea7\u548c\u4eba\u4e01\u5b9a\u6237\u7b49\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u5f00\u59cb\u534f\u8c03\u81ea\u8015\u519c\uff0c\u4f43\u5ba2\uff0c\u5730\u4e3b\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u571f\u5730\u517c\u5e76\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e2d\u592e\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5c42\uff1a\u91c7\u8bbf\u5904\u7f6e\u4f7f\u4ee3\u8868\u4e2d\u592e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u76d1\u5bdf\u5730\u65b9\u4e8b\u52a1\uff08\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5730\u65b9\u4e0e\u4e2d\u592e\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\uff09\u3002\u529d\u519c\u4f7f\uff0c\u8f6c\u8fd0\u4f7f\u7b49\u8d22\u653f\u4f7f\u804c\u6d89\u53ca\u5730\u65b9\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u5b89\u53f2\u4e4b\u4e71\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u8282\u5ea6\u89c2\u5bdf\u4f7f\uff08\u7531\u91c7\u8bbf\u5904\u7f6e\u4f7f\u53d1\u5c55\u800c\u6765\uff09\uff0c\u76d0\u94c1\u3001\u8f6c\u8fd0\u4f7f\uff08\u5de1\u9662\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9009\u4e3e\uff1a\u8003\u8bd5 &#8211; \u94e8\u9009\uff08\u8eab\uff0c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e66\uff0c\u5224\uff09\u3002\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u540f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u4e89\u540e\u540f\u6cbb\u88ab\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u300c\u4e0d\u5386\u5dde\u53bf\u4e0d\u62df\u53f0\u7701\u300d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5b8b\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u519b\u653f\uff08\u67a2\u5bc6\u9662\uff09\u3001\u884c\u653f\uff08\u4e2d\u4e66\u95e8\u4e0b\uff09\u3001\u8d22\u653f\uff08\u4e09\u53f8\uff09\u5206\u79bb\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bb0\u76f8\u4e3a\u884c\u653f\u9996\u8111\uff0c\u67a2\u5bc6\u4f7f\u526f\u4f7f\u4e3a\u51b3\u7b56\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u5bb0\u6267\u5305\u62ec\u5e73\u7ae0\u653f\u4e8b\uff0c\u53c2\u77e5\u653f\u4e8b\uff0c\u67a2\u5bc6\u4f7f\u3001\u526f\uff0c\u4eba\u5458\u6bd4\u5510\u540e\u671f\u7684\u5bb0\u76f8\u6269\u5927\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bf9\u5510\u4ee5\u6765\u4f7f\u804c\uff08\u653f\u52a1\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u673a\u5173\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u738b\u5b89\u77f3\u9752\u82d7\u6cd5\uff0c\u65b9\u7530\u5747\u7a0e\u6cd5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e2d\u592e\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5c42 &#8211; \u8def\uff1a\u8def\u6570\u91cf\u5c11\uff0c\u8f96\u533a\u5927\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5143\u4ee3\u884c\u7701\u5148\u6cb3\u3002\u8def\u6ca1\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u56db\u76d1\u53f8\u5404\u53f8\u5176\u804c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9009\u4e3e\uff1a\u8fdb\u58eb\u51fa\u8eab\u4e0d\u9700\u518d\u8003\u8bd5\uff08\u5510\u4ee3\u94e8\u9009\uff09\u76f4\u63a5\u6388\u5b98<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5143\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5c42 &#8211; \u884c\u7701\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u660e\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e2d\u592e\u51b3\u7b56\u7fa4\u4f53\u6269\u5927\u3002\u884c\u653f\u6743\u589e\u5927\u3002\u62c6\u5206\u4e2d\u4e66\u804c\u80fd\u5206\u4e8e\u516d\u90e8\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u653f\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e24\u5957\u76d1\u5bdf\u4f53\u7cfb\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e &#8211; \u79d1\u3001\u9053\u3002\u5730\u65b9 &#8211; \u76d1\u5bdf\u5fa1\u53f2\u3001\u6309\u5bdf\u53f8\uff0c\u5de1\u629a\u4e0e\u5de1\u6309\u5e76\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5f20\u5c45\u6b63\u4e08\u91cf\u571f\u5730\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e2d\u592e\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5c42 &#8211; \u7701\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u53f8\u3002\u4e34\u65f6\u8bbe\u7acb\u7763\u629a\u603b\u63fd\u4e09\u53f8\u804c\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u5e94\u53d8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6e05\uff1a\u5730\u65b9\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe &#8211; \u7531\u5de1\u629a\u5b8c\u6210\u5730\u65b9\u5316\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u519b\u653f\u3002\u5e08\u7237\u548c\u8c6a\u7ec5\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u6cbb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5c0f\u8282<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul 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